Final Confession - Lời xám hối

Final Confession
Brittany was on her deathbed, with her husband Adam at her side.
She kept trying to tell him something, but he kept saying, "Shhhh, don't worry now darling, just rest."
"But honey," she whispered, "I need to make a confession before I die... I slept with your brother, your best friend, and your father."
"Don't worry about it, sweetie," replied Adam as he wiped the tears from Brittany's cheek, "I know. Why do you think I poisoned you?"

Lời xám hối
Brittany đang hấp hối trên giường, bên cạnh là chồng của cô - Adam.
Cô ấy đang cố nói với anh điều gì đó nhưng anh nói:
- "Shh, đừng lo lắng, cứ yên nghỉ em à".
- "Nhưng anh yêu," cô ấy thì thào, "Em cần phải thú tội trước khi chết... Em đã ngủ với anh trai, bạn thân và ba của anh."
- "Đừng lo về điều đó, cưng," Adam trả lời và lau nước mắt trên má Brittany, "Anh biết. Sao em không nghĩ là anh đã đầu độc em nhỉ?"

Bayesian multiple testing procedures for hotspot identification

Ranking a group of candidate sites and selecting from it the high-risk locations or hotspots for detailed engineering study and countermeasure evaluation is the first step in a transport safety improvement program. Past studies have however mainly focused on the task of applying appropriate methods for ranking locations, with few focusing on the issue of how to define selection methods or threshold rules for hotspot identification. The primary goal of this paper is to introduce a multiple testing-based approach to the problem of selecting hotspots. Following the recent developments in the literature, two testing procedures are studied under a Bayesian framework: Bayesian test with weights (BTW) and a Bayesian test controlling for the posterior false discovery rate (FDR) or false negative rate (FNR). The hypotheses tests are implemented on the basis of two random effect or Bayesian models, namely, the hierarchical Poisson/Gamma or Negative Binomial model and the hierarchical Poisson/Lognormal model. A dataset of highway–railway grade crossings is used as an application example to illustrate the proposed procedures incorporating both the posterior distribution of accident frequency and the posterior distribution of ranks. Results on the effects of various decision parameters used in hotspot
identification procedures are discussed.

© 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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